Abstract: Deep resource exploitation is imperative,but it is facing with more complicated mining environment and dangerous mining disturbances to induce the potential catastrophe process. Combined with the challenge of “four high and one disturbance” in deep coal mining and the technical advantages of backfilling mining in ground control,this paper summarizes five major technical problems faced by deep backfilling mining,thus the conception of green mining integrating mining,separating and backfilling in deep coal resources is put forward. The theoretical research and tech- nical system of the conception have been basically formed which has been carried out in typical mines such as the 12th Coal Mine of Pingdingshan Group and Tangshan Coal Mine of Kailuan Group. In order to build integral theories and technology system of the green mining integrating mining,separating and backfilling in deep coal resource,backfilling and ground control theory in deep coal mine and five other basic theories need further researches and beyond that,seven key technologies such as the layout of mining-dressing-backfilling green mining system,automatic backfilling,mass flow material transportation and intelligent coal-waste separation need to be developed. These theories and techniques provide a reliable basis for realizing the safe,efficient and green mining of deep resources.