Abstract: This paper investigates Yanzhou coalfield which locates in Eastern China with high groundwater level. Land- sat TM images are used to extract the land surface temperature using the single window algorithm. The spatial distribu- tion of land surface temperature is analyzed from four aspects including land use type,vegetation coverage,the distance from the edge of water-impounded subsided-area and the subsidence depth. The results show that the land surface tem- perature varies greatly among different land use types;the developed land and the water area have the highest and the lowest average surface temperature respectively;land surface temperature is negatively correlated with vegetation cover- age;land surface temperature decreases with the increase of the distance from the edge of water-impounded subsided- area and then becomes stable by exponential function fitting analysis;the land surface temperature gradually decreases with the decrease of mining subsidence depth outside the impounded water area.