Abstract: In order to carry out a real-time on-line monitoring of the deposition dust thickness of industrial and mining sites with explosion hazard,the investigation found that the detection of dust thickness in the ventilation and dust re- moval pipelines of industrial and mining sites is still not available at home and abroad. In this paper,a high-precision real-time on-line detection method for detecting deposition dust thickness is proposed. The core of the method is to convert the deposition quality detection of dust into sediment thickness detection,and theoretically study the mathemat- ical relationship between dust deposition quality and dust deposition thickness. According to this,the signal processing design completes the detection method. The experimental pipeline selection,dust particle size screening,experimental environmental conditions preparation,and experimental system consisting of a quantitative dust collector,an electrostat- ic precipitator,a gas pump,a dust removal wind,an anemometer,a computer console,and a variable frequency fan were completed. Based on the experimental system and experimental preparation,the experimental results verify the correctness of the mathematical relationship between dust deposition quality and dust deposition thickness. At the same time,the error experiment is carried out to verify that the resolution of the detection method reaches 0. 01 mm and the precision reaches 0. 07 mm. The detection effect of the method on the thickness of deposited dust is proved. Then,the theoretical analysis and research on the force of dust particles in the dust removal pipeline are carried out. It is found that with the increase of the particle size of the dust particles,the gravity,drag force,Basset force and Saffman force of the particles are gradually obvious. Finally,based on the theory and experimental system of particle force analysis,this method is used to study the deposition law of dust in the ventilation dust removal pipeline at different wind speeds and different particle sizes,which shows that with the dust removal wind speed and particle size,the increase in dust depo- sition rate decreases exponentially and increases. Also,the causes of the deposition of dust particles in the pipeline are analyzed,and the design suggestions for the dust removal velocity on the site are given.