Abstract: The large-scale coal mining will inevitably produce the disturbance of fracture field,and then destroy the groundwater system,and produce a large number of mine water,leading to the risk of mine water inrush. In order to en- sure the safety of coal mine production and store the mine water underground for production and living,some scholars put forward the theoretical framework and technical system of the underground coal reservoir. The key problem in the construction of underground coal reservoir is the evaluation and control of storage capacity (or water storage volume). That is to say,how to ensure that the increasing mine water will not endanger the subsequent coal mining activities af- ter the mine water is stored in the goaf. Based on this goal,the paper puts forward a technical proposal of building multiple underground reservoirs in coal mine area,connecting multiple underground reservoirs with each other through pipelines to form interconnected distributed underground reservoirs,and regulating water volume jointly among multiple reservoirs. Its advantage is to ensure that the mine water in each reservoir is within the safe storage capacity through the water regulation between reservoirs,especially to effectively control the water storage of the underground reservoir that threatens the existing mining area and prevent the occurrence of water disasters. Taking the construction of a dis- tributed underground reservoir in a coal mine as an example,according to the geological data of the mining area,the water storage capacities of different elevation areas are calculated,and the storage capacity water level curve of the dis- tributed underground reservoir is determined. On this basis,the groundwater numerical simulation model of the distrib- uted underground reservoirs is established to predict the water inflow of the mining area. According to the water inflow of the mining area,combined with the surface water resources,following the relationship between water supply and de- mand,the optimal operation of water resources in the mining area is carried out,so that the water inflow in the mining area can be reasonably and efficiently utilized.