徐凤银,聂志宏,孙伟,等. 鄂尔多斯盆地东缘深部煤层气高效开发理论技术体系[J]. 煤炭学报,2024,49(1):528−544. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.YH23.1290
引用本文: 徐凤银,聂志宏,孙伟,等. 鄂尔多斯盆地东缘深部煤层气高效开发理论技术体系[J]. 煤炭学报,2024,49(1):528−544. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.YH23.1290
XU Fengyin,NIE Zhihong,SUN Wei,et al. Theoretical and technological system for Highly efficient development of deep coalbed methane in the Eastern edge of Erdos Basin[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2024,49(1):528−544. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.YH23.1290
Citation: XU Fengyin,NIE Zhihong,SUN Wei,et al. Theoretical and technological system for Highly efficient development of deep coalbed methane in the Eastern edge of Erdos Basin[J]. Journal of China Coal Society,2024,49(1):528−544. DOI: 10.13225/j.cnki.jccs.YH23.1290

鄂尔多斯盆地东缘深部煤层气高效开发理论技术体系

Theoretical and technological system for Highly efficient development of deep coalbed methane in the Eastern edge of Erdos Basin

  • 摘要: 针对深部煤储层埋藏深、渗透率低、应力环境复杂等开发难题,总结大宁—吉县区块近5 a勘探开发取得成果,明确了资源富集条件、有效改造体积、水平段长、良好储盖组合条件是气井高产关键因素。在“人造气藏”开发理论指导下,建立了地质−工程一体化背景下的深部煤层气高效开发技术体系:① 基于储层资源条件、构造保存条件和工程改造条件三大类11项指标,建立深部煤层气地质工程开发甜点评价标准;② 基于微幅构造刻画、多尺度裂缝预测、三维地质模型构建等技术,形成“地质+工程”全要素定量化、可视化表征的煤储层精细评价技术;③ 按照“地质小尺度、三维地震微尺度、轨迹走靶体、少调快钻”导向思路,形成以钻前轨迹精优设计、精准入靶及靶后微调为核心的三阶段地质工程一体化导向技术;④ 按照实现资源动用和采收率最大化为目标,形成“地应力场、天然裂缝场、人工裂缝场、井型与方位、井网井距”五位一体井网优化设计技术;⑤ 依据深部煤层气赋存特征、渗流机理和气井生产特征,形成以产量不稳定分析法为主,经验产量递减法、数值模拟法和经验类比等多方法结合的气井产能评价及EUR预测技术;⑥ 遵循“四位一体”精准选段和“井间交错+段内差异化”设计原则,形成以构建人造气藏为目标的大规模体积压裂技术;⑦ 根据气井气水变化特征,形成全生命周期不同生产阶段排采优化控制技术;⑧结合当前AI技术进展与深部煤层气开发规律、集输等特征,探索了地质、工程、地面等多专业一体化协同环境下集输和数智化技术。在这一成果指导下,已投产29口水平井生产初期日产量5×104~16×104 m3,平均10.2×104 m3,区块日产气量突破300万m3,对加快鄂尔多斯盆地东缘深部煤层气规模上产具有重要指导意义,也为同类资源高效开发建立了参考标准。

     

    Abstract: Aiming at the development problems of deep coal reservoirs, such as deep burial, low permeability and complex stress field, this paper clarifies that the resource enrichment conditions, effective fracturing volume, effective horizontal section length, and good reservoir conditions are the key factors for high productivity on the basis of summarizing the exploration and development practice of the Daning-Jixian Block in the past five years. Under the guidance of the theory of “artificial gas reservoir” development, a technical system for the efficient development of deep coalbed methane was preliminarily established as follows. ① According to the reservoir resource conditions, structural preservation conditions and engineering fracturing conditions, a total of 11 indicators in three categories established the geological-engineering “dessert” evaluation standards of deep coalbed methane. ② Based on the techniques such as microstructural characterization, multi-scale fracture prediction, and 3D geological model construction, the quantitative and visual characterization of all elements of “geology + engineering” of deep coal seam was achieved. ③ Based on the guiding idea of “geological small scale, three-dimensional seismic microscale, drill along the target, less adjustment and fast drilling”, a three-stage geological-engineering geo-steering technology with an excellent design of pre-drilling trajectory, precise target entry and post-target fine-tuning as the core was developed.④ The optimization design of the five-in-one well network based on “in-situ stress field, natural fracture field, artificial fracture field, well type and orientation, well network and well spacing” realized the maximization of resource utilization and the maximization of gas field recovery. ⑤ According to the occurrence characteristics, seepage mechanism and production characteristics of deep coalbed methane, a reasonable production capacity evaluation and EUR prediction technology based on the rate-transient analysis method, the empirical production decline method, the numerical simulation method, and the empirical analogy method was formed. ⑥ Following to the design principle of “four-in-one” precision fracturing section and “fracture staggering + differentiation between fracturing segments”, a large-scale volumetric fracturing technology aimed at constructing artificial gas reservoirs was proposed.⑦ According to the characteristics of gas-water variation in gas wells, the optimal control technology of drainage and production in different production stages through the whole life cycle of wells was put forwarded. ⑧ Combined with the current progress of AI technology, and the characteristics of deep coalbed methane development law, gathering and transportation, the technology of gathering, transportation and digital intelligence integrating geological, engineering, and ground aspects was explored. Under the guidance of this achievement, 29 horizontal wells that have been put into production, with an initial production of 5×104−16×104 m3/d, an average of 10.2×104 m3/d, and the daily gas production of the block has exceeded 3 million cubic meters, which has important guiding significance for accelerating the large-scale production of deep coalbed methane in the eastern margin of the Ordos basin. Also the study establishes a reference and standard for the efficient development of similar resources.

     

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