Characteristics analysis and transformation path of space resources in closed mine

With the continuous development of social and economic development and coal resources in China, some mines have reached their life cycle.It is estimated that 15 000 mines will be closed in China by 2030.Direct closure/abandonment of mines will not only cause huge waste of resources and loss of state-owned assets, but also cause ecological and environmental problems.In view of resource waste and environmental and social problems caused by closed mines, how to scientifically develop and utilize closed mine resources and promote the transformation of resource-exhausted mining areas has become an important issue in the field of energy and environment in the world today.The main research contents of this article:① Analyzing the academic concerns and related research hotspots of closed mines at home and abroad, summarizing the main problems to be studied and solved in the closed mine field, and exploring the theoretical system and main evaluation methods of closed mine research.② The closed mine resources were identified using satellite-airborne-ground data, and the types of above/underground resources in the mine were divided.The above ground resources included surface water resources, land resources, industrial square and living area buildings, etc., and the underground resources included groundwater resources, residual coal resources, underground space resources and underground equipment, etc.③ By the evaluation model of space resources above/underground the mine, the building space volume of the whole industrial square of Zhujiahe coal mine was 1.04×10⁵ m³, the volume of underground space including shaft, roadway and chamber was 1.18×10⁵ m³, and the total residual coal resource was nearly 56 million tons.④ The existing transformation and utilization methods of closed mines at home and abroad were compared, and the technical system of transformation path of closed mines was given based on constraint factors, suitable transformation grade and resource conditions.The aboveground transformation was divided into four modes:mining tourism development and utilization mode, natural ecological restoration mode, integrated underground space utilization mode, restoration and development comprehensive utilization mode, and the underground transformation was divided into three modes:underground resource reuse mode, economic utilization and development mode, low-carbon ecological development model.According to the determination steps of resource transformation path, the optimal transformation paths for 15 closed mines in Weihe River Basin were given.