Spatial-temporal response and comprehensive evaluation of ecological environment of prairie coal-electricity base development

The large-scale development of prairie coal-electricity base generates a host of severe eco-environmental problems. Taking into account the characteristics of the ecosystem around the Shengli coal-electricity base,this study applied a system analysis method. Land,water,and the atmosphere were used as spatial carriers to identify ecological disturbance factors and to construct a comprehensive evaluation index system of the eco-environment. In addition,this study used multi-source dynamic monitoring technology as the main mean to obtain basic information. Remote sensing inversion,data fusion,spatial interpolation,and statistical analysis along with other data processing methods were used to comprehensively evaluate and analyze the eco-environment of the region in 2000,2005,2010 and 2015. This analy- sis was also used to explore the temporal and spatial change laws of the regional ecology,stemming from the multi-tem- poral and spatial scales such as the coal-electricity base,the functional area unit,and the most suitable grid unit. The results show that the overall eco-environment of the study area was in a good state from 2000 to 2015. From 2005 to 2010,the development scale of the coal-electricity base expanded rapidly,resulting in an obvious deterioration trend. The ecological areas that incurred significant deterioration, moderate deterioration and slight deterioration reached 512． 76,664． 52 and 284. 26 km2 ,respectively,accounting for 72. 23% of the study area. The deterioration was mainly concentrated in the open-pit mining area,power station area,urban area of Xilinhat City,urban settlements and the bi- lateral area of provincial highway S307. Moreover,a ladder buffer zone was formed within the areas around the open-pit mining and power station,and the urban and residential zones served as the center. This confirmed the cumulative effect of the negative disturbances to the eco-environment caused by open-pit mining,power station development and urban construction. From 2010 to 2015,the reclamation of the dump in the open-pit mining area,the controlled dis- charge of the power station,the construction of an urban wetland park and the greening along provincial highway S307 have effectively improved the local ecological environment. It reflected the importance of ecological restoration and reg- ulation to eco-environment restoration. According to the results of eco-environment evaluation and its spatial-temporal development laws,the paper puts forward a multi-source dynamic monitoring platform with the trinity of “ monitoring, evaluation and management” based on big data for the eco-environment of prairie coal-electricity base and the control countermeasures for the establishment of the circular management mode of “5W+2H+E” for the eco-environment res- toration,providing a reliable basis for the environmental protection and ecological restoration supervision of the coal-e- lectricity base.